Test Manager Sample Question Set 1

Test Manager Sample Question Set 1 

Q-1: Which of the following is an example of testing as part of the requirements specification phase of a project?
1. A requirements review meeting
2. A business analyst eliciting requirements
3. A database administrator designing a table
4. A test results report showing requirements coverage

Q-2: Assume you are a test manager working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. This project is following a sequential lifecycle model, specifically the V-model. Currently, the system architects have released a first draft design specification based on the approved requirements specification released previously.
Identify all of the following that are appropriate test tasks to execute at this time:
1. Design tests from the requirements specification
2. Analyze design-related risks
3. Execute unit test cases
4. Write the test summary report
5. Design tests from the design specification

Q:-3 You are the manager of a bank's quality assessment group, in charge of independent testing for banking applications. You are working on a project to implement an integrated system that will use three off-the-shelf systems to manage a bank's accounts-receivable system.
Identify all of the following that are test levels that you would expect to directly manage:
1. Component testing for each system
2. Component integration testing for each system
3. System testing for each system
4. Contract acceptance testing for each system
5. System integration testing

Q-4: Which of the following is generally applicable to demonstrating compliance to regulations for safety critical systems?
1. Test traceability
2. ISO 61508
3. Usability testing
4. Employee evaluations

Q-5: Which of the following is an accurate statement that captures a difference between a trend chart showing the total number of bugs discovered and resolved during test execution and a trend chart showing the total number of test cases passed and failed during test execution?
1. The bug trend chart will reveal test progress problems while the test case trend chart
will not.
2. The bug trend chart will show test coverage while the test case trend chart will not.
3. The test case trend chart will reveal test progress problems while the bug trend chart
will not.
4. The test case trend chart will show test coverage while the bug trend chart will not.

Q-6: Considering the typical objectives of testing that are identified in the Foundation syllabus, which of the following metrics can we use to measure the effectiveness of the test process in achieving one of those objectives?
1. Average days from defect discovery to resolution
2. Lines of code written per developer per day
3. Percentage of test effort spent on regression testing
4. Percentage of requirements coverage

Q-7: Assume you are a test manager working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. This project is following a sequential lifecycle model, specifically the V-model. Your test team is following a risk-based testing strategy augmented with a reactive testing strategy during test execution to ensure that key risks missed during risk analysis are caught.
Of the following statements, identify all that are true about the test plan.
1. The test plan should include risk analysis early in the process.
2. The test plan should list the requirements specification as an input to the risk analysis.
3. The test plan should assign specific bugs to specific developers.
4. The test plan should discuss the integration of reactive test techniques into test
execution.
5. The test plan should specify overall project team metrics used to determine bonuses

Q-8: Which of the following is a test document in which you would you expect to find the preconditions to start executing a level of testing?
1. Test plan
2. Test design specification
3. Incident report
4. Project plan

Q-9: Which of the following is the most likely reason a user might be included in test execution?
1. Their application domain knowledge
2. Their technical expertise
3. Their testing expertise
4. Their management expertise

Q-10: You are the manager of a bank's quality assessment group, in charge of independent testing for banking applications. You have just concluded a project to implement an integrated system that will use three off-the-shelf systems to manage a bank's accounts-receivable system. During the project, you found that one of the vendor's systems, while comprising approximately the same amount of functionality and of roughly the same complexity as the other two systems, had significantly more defects. Making no assumptions other than ones based on the information provided here, which of the following is a reasonable improvement to the test process for subsequent projects involving this vendor?
1. Impose retroactive financial penalties on this vendor for the number of bugs delivered
on this project.
2. Perform an acceptance test for all systems received, with particular rigor for this vendor.
3. Cancel the contract with this vendor and put it on an industry blacklist.
4. Require the vendor's developers to attend training to improve their ability to write
quality code.

Q-11: Which of the following is a project risk mitigation step that you might take as a test manager?
1. Testing for performance problems
2. Hiring a contractor after a key test analyst quits
3. Procuring extra test environments in case one fails during testing
4. Performing a project retrospective using test results

Q-12: You are planning the testing for an integrated system that will use three off-the-shelf components to manage a bank's accounts-receivable system. You are conducting an informal quality risk analysis session with project and system stakeholders to determine what test conditions should be tested and how much each test condition should be tested. Which of the following is a quality risk item that you might identify in this quality risk analysis session?
1. Failure of a component vendor to conduct adequate component testing
2. Calculation of excessive late-payment penalties for invoices
3. On-time payment of all invoices for international vendors
4. Calculation of risk priority using likelihood and impact

Q-13: During a formalized quality risk analysis session following the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis technique, you are calculating risk priorities. Which of the following are major factors in this calculation?
1. Severity and priority
2. Functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability
3. Loss of a key contributor on the test team
4. Loss of a key contributor on the development team

Q-14: Assume you are a test manager in charge of integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing for a bank. You are working on a project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards. The system should allow cash advances from $20 to $500, inclusively, for all supported credit cards. The supported credit cards are American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard.
Which of the following statements best associates a key stakeholder with the kind of input that stakeholder can provide during a quality risk analysis?
1. A tester can provide input on the likelihood of a risk item.
2. A developer can provide input on the impact of a risk item.
3. A business analyst can provide input on the likelihood of a risk item.
4. A help desk staffer can provide input on the impact of a risk item.

Q-15: Which of the following is a situation in which you would expect an iterative quality risk analysis to result in the largest number of new or changed risk items and risk levels?
1. You perform a risk analysis on the final requirements specification and subsequently
receive a draft design specification.
2. A tester leaves after test design is complete, and you hire a new tester to replace her.
3. The development manager hires two additional programmers after the quality risk
analysis is complete.
4. You perform a risk analysis on the final requirements specification and then that
document is placed under formal configuration management.

Q-16: Assume you are a test manager working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In addition to the normal HVAC control functions, the thermostat also has the ability to download data to a browser-based application that runs on PCs for further analysis. During quality risk analysis, you identify compatibility problems between the browser-based application and the different PC configurations that can host that application as a quality risk item with a high level of likelihood. You plan to perform compatibility testing to address this risk.
Which of the following is a way in which you might monitor the effect of testing on the reduction of this risk during test execution?
1. Reduce the number of supported PC configurations.
2. Assign more testers to cover compatibility than testers to cover functionality.
3. Analyze the number of defects found that relate to this risk item.
4. Plan to test the most common PC configurations.

Q-17: Which of the following is an example of a project where failure mode and effect analysis would be a better choice for risk analysis?
1. It is the project team's first application of risk-based testing.
2. The system under test is both complex and safety critical.
3. The system under test is a financial system.
4. Minimizing the amount of documentation is a key concern.

Q-18: Assume you are a test manager in charge of integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing for a bank. You are working on a project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards. The system should allow cash advances from $20 to $500, inclusively, for all supported credit cards. The supported credit cards are American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard.
In the master test plan, the Features to be Tested section lists the following:
1. All supported credit cards
2. Language localization
3. Valid and invalid advances
4. Usability
5. Response time
Relying only on the information given above, select the features to be tested for which
sufficient information is available to proceed with test design.
1. I
2. II
3. III
4. IV
5. V

Q-19: Continue with the scenario described in the previous question. Which of the following topics would you need to address in detail in the master test plan?
1. A strategy for regression testing
2. A list of advance amount boundary values
3. A description of intercase dependencies
4. A logical collection of test cases

Q-20: Assume you are a test manager working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In addition to the normal HVAC control functions, the thermostat also has the ability to download data to a browser-based application that runs on PCs for further analysis.
The company test strategy calls for each test case to be run on all combinations of
configuration options. For this system, you identify the following factors and, for each factor, the following options:
 Supported PC/thermostat connections: USB and Bluetooth
 Supported operating systems: Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Mac X, Linux
 Supported browsers: Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera
Because there are 10 test cases that involve downloading data, this would require running 300 test cases, each of which requires an hour to run.
With management approval, you decide to test five configurations, covering each option but not all the possible pairs and triples of options.
Which of the following statements describes the best option for documenting this deviation from the test strategy?
1. In the test design specifications, explain the alternate approach planned for this project
and how to set up the test configurations.
2. In the test procedure specifications, explain which test cases should be run against
which configurations.
3. In the master test plan, explain the alternate approach planned for this project and why
this approach is sufficient.
4. In the test item transmittal report, explain the alternate approach planned for this
project and which test items were tested against which configuration.

Q-21: Continue with the scenario described in the previous question. You are writing a master test plan to cover integration testing and system testing of the programmable thermostat. Select all of the following statements that are true.
1. The approach section should describe how to test the integration of the thermostat with
other parts of the HVAC system.
2. The schedule section should describe when integration testing should start and when
system testing should start.
3. The environmental needs section should address who is responsible for each level of
testing.
4. The test items section should describe the equipment required for each level of testing.
5. The test deliverables section should describe results reporting for each level of testing.

Q-22: 12. Continue with the scenario described in the previous questions, where you are a test manager working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. One critical quality risk identified for this system is the possibility of damage to the HVAC system caused by excessive cycling of the compressor (i.e., turning the unit on and off repeatedly in short intervals). Which of the following is a reasonable way to use an IEEE 829 test plan to direct appropriate testing for this risk?
1. Write a separate test plan for this level of testing.
2. List the feature that prevents excessive cycling as a feature to be tested.
3. Detail all of the requirements of the programmable thermostat in the introduction of the
test plan.
4. Include a fully functioning compressor as one of the test items.

Q-23: Continue with the scenario from the previous question.
Historically, on seven past projects, the test team has found approximately 12 bugs during system test for each person-month of development team effort. Five developers are assigned to work on a new project that is scheduled to last six months. Assume that the cumulative number of bugs found, as shown in your convergence chart, has flattened at 351 defects. Based on this information only, which of the following statements is most likely to be true?
1. You would expect to find exactly 20 more defects before the end of system test.
2. You have omitted tests for at least one critical quality risk category.
3. You needed a test team of at least three testers for optimum testing.
4. You have found roughly the number of defects you would expect to find during system
test.

Q-24: Continue with the scenario from the previous question.
Assume that this project is following an iterative lifecycle, while the previous projects for which you have bug metrics followed a sequential lifecycle. Assuming no other dissimilarities between this project and the previous projects exist, which of the following might be a reason to question the accuracy of the predicted number of defects?
1. People factors
2. Material factors
3. Process factors
4. Quality factors

Q-25: You are a test manager in charge of system testing on a project to update a cruise-control module for a new model of a car. The goal of the cruise-control software update is to make the car more fuel efficient.
You have written a first release of the system test plan based on the final requirements
specification. You receive an early draft of the design specification. Identify all of the following statements that are true.
1. Do not update the system test plan until the final version of the design specification is
available.
2. Produce a draft update of the system test plan based on this version of the design
specification.
3. Check this version of the design specification for inconsistencies with the requirements
specification.
4. Participate in the final review of the design specification but not any preliminary reviews
of the design specification.
5. Review the quality risk analysis to see if the design specification has identified additional
risk items.

Q-26: 16. Which of the following is the best example of a technique for controlling test progress in terms of the residual level of quality risk?
1. Counting the number of defects found and the number of defects resolved
2. Counting the number of test cases passed and the number of test cases failed
3. Counting the number of requirements that work properly and the number of
requirements with known defects
4. Counting the number of tested risk items without known defects and the number of
tested risk items with known defects

Q-27: You are a test manager in charge of system testing on a project to update a cruise-control module for a new model of a car. The goal of the cruise-control software update is to make the car more fuel efficient.
Halfway through test execution, you find that the test results do not conclusively determine whether fuel efficiency has improved. Identify all of the following actions that you might direct the test analysts to take to help to resolve this problem.
1. Redesign the fuel efficiency tests.
2. Revise the quality risk analysis.
3. Modify the test environment to gather more detailed actual results.
4. Check for consistency in tested fuel mixtures.
5. Report fuel efficiency as apparently unchanged.

Q-28: Assume you are a test manager in charge of integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing for a bank. You are working on a project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards.
The system should allow cash advances from $20 to $500, inclusively, for all supported credit cards. The supported credit cards are American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard.
During test execution, you find five defects, each reported by a different tester, that involve the same problem with cash advances, with the only difference between these reports being the credit card tested. Which of the following is an improvement to the test process that you might suggest?
1. Revise all cash advance test cases to test with only one credit card.
2. Review all reports filed subsequently and close any such duplicate defect reports before
assignment to development.
3. Change the requirements to delete support for American Express cards.
4. Have testers check for similar problems with other cards and report their findings in
defect reports.

Q-29: You are the manager of a bank's quality assessment group, in charge of independent testing for banking applications. You are working on a project to implement an integrated system that will use three off-the-shelf systems to manage a bank's accounts-receivable system. You are currently managing the execution of system integration testing.
Consider the following bug open/closed or convergence chart.
Which of the following interpretations of this chart provides a reason to not declare the system integration testing complete?
1. The bug find rate has not leveled off.
2. Developers aren't fixing bugs fast enough.
3. The complete set of tests has not yet been run.
4. A number of unresolved bugs remain in the backlog.

Q-30: Which of the following is an example of a cost of internal failure?
1. Finding a bug during testing
2. Training developers in secure coding practices
3. Designing test cases
4. Fixing a customer-detected bug

Q-31: You are the manager of a bank's quality assessment group, in charge of independent testing for banking applications. You are in charge of testing for a project to implement an integrated system that uses three off-the-shelf components to manage a bank's accounts-receivable system.
Which of the following is most likely to be a major business motivation for testing this system?
1. Avoiding loss of life
2. Having confidence in correct customer billing
3. Finding as many bugs as possible before release
4. Gathering evidence to sue the component vendors

Q-32: Which of the following is a risk of outsourced testing that might not apply to distributed testing?
1. Selection of an improper test partner
2. Communication problems created by time zone differences
3. Insufficient skills in some of the test team members
4. Inconsistent test processes across the testing locations

Q-33: You are the manager of a bank's quality assessment group, in charge of independent testing for banking applications. You used quality risk analysis to allocate effort and prioritize
your tests during test preparation. You are currently executing the system integration test. You have finished running each test case once. You are not certain how much time the project management team will allow for additional test execution because regulatory changes might require the system to be activated ahead of schedule.
Based on the severity and priority of the bugs found by each test case, you have calculated weighted failure for each test case. You also know the risk priority number for each test case based on the quality risk item(s) the test case covers. Considering both the weighted failure and the risk priority number, you have reprioritized your test cases for the final days or weeks of testing.
Which of the following is a benefit this reprioritization will provide?
1. If testing is curtailed, you will have expended the minimum amount of effort possible.
2. If testing is extended, you will have time to run all of your tests.
3. If testing is curtailed, you will have run the most important tests.
4. If testing is extended, you will have covered all of the requirements.

Q-34: Which of the following is a benefit of exploratory testing and other reactive test strategies that would not apply to an analytical requirements-based test strategy?
1. The ability to utilize a very experienced test team
2. The ability to accurately predict the residual risk prior to delivery
3. The ability to prevent defects during requirements analysis
4. The ability to test effectively without a complete test basis

Q-35: Which of the following is a type of defect that you can detect more easily in a review than by a dynamic test?
1. Regression
2. Maintainability
3. Performance
4. Reliability

Q-36: Which of the following is a type of review in which you would expect to detect the greatest percentage of defects present in the item under review?
1. Informal
2. Static analysis
3. Simulation
4. Inspection

Q-37: Assume you are a test manager working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In addition to the normal HVAC control functions, the thermostat has the ability to download data to a browser-based application that runs on PCs for further analysis. During quality risk analysis, you identify compatibility problems between the browser-based application and the different PC configurations that can host that application as a quality risk item with a high level of likelihood. Select all of the following actions that should occur in the quality and test plans to best ensure that the project team will minimize this risk upon release?
1. Carefully select the list of supported configurations.
2. Review the list of supported configurations with project stake—holders.
3. Support only a single browser based on technical attributes.
4. Downgrade the likelihood of the risk based on available test resources.
5. Test the supported PC configurations early in test execution.

Q-38: Assume you are a test manager in charge of integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing for a bank. You are working on a project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards.
You have received a requirements specification that states that the system should allow cash advances from $20 to $500, inclusively, for all supported credit cards. Assume that the bank is required contractually to support the following credit cards: American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard.
The bank has given you the responsibility of organizing a review of the requirements
specification. Which of the following is a risk for this review?
1. You do not know the supported credit cards.
2. You do not include the proper stakeholders in the review.
3. You do not know which test levels to address.
4. You do not receive the requirements specification.

Q-39: Assume you are a test manager working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In addition to the normal HVAC control functions, the thermostat has the ability to download data to a browser-based application that runs on PCs for further analysis. During quality risk analysis, you identify compatibility problems between the browser-based application and the different PC configurations that can host that application as a quality risk item with a high level of likelihood.
Your test team is currently executing compatibility tests. Consider the following excerpt from the failure description of a compatibility bug report:
1. Connect the thermostat to a Windows Vista PC.
2. Start the thermostat analysis application on the PC. Application starts normally and
recognizes connected thermostat.
3. Attempt to download the data from the thermostat.
4. Data does not download.
5. Attempt to download the data three times. Data will not down—load.
Based on this information alone, which of the following is a problem that exists with this bug
report?
1. Lack of structured testing
2. Inadequate classification information
3. Insufficient isolation
4. Poorly documented steps to reproduce

Q-40: Continue with the previous scenario. Your test team is still executingcompatibility tests. Consider the following excerpt from the failure description of a compatibility bug report:
1. Install the thermostat analysis application on a Windows XP PC.
2. Attempt to start the thermostat analysis application.
3. Thermostat analysis application does not start.
4. Reinstall the thermostat analysis application three times. Thermo—stat analysis
application does not start after any reinstallation.
5. This test passed on the previous test release.
Based on this information alone, which of the following is the most reasonable hypothesis about
this bug?
1. The bug might be a regression.
2. The bug might be intermittent.
3. The application didn't install on Windows XP PCs before.
4. The bug might be a duplicate.


Answers:
1. A
2. A, B, E
3. D, E
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. A, B, D
8. A
9. A
10. B
11. C
12. B
13. A
14. D
15. A
16. C
17. B
18. A, C
19. A
20. C
21. A, B, E
22. B
23. D
24. C
25. A, C, E
26. D
27. A, C, D
28. D
29. D
30. A
31. B
32. A
33. C
34. D
35. B
36. D
37. A, B, E
38. B
39. C
40. A

Test Analyst Sample Question Set 1

Test Analyst Sample Question Set 1



1.     You are working as a test analyst at a bank. At the bank, test analysts work closely with users during user acceptance test. The bank has bought two financial applications as commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software from large software vendors. Previous history with these vendors has shown that they deliver quality applications that work on their own, but this is the first time the bank will attempt to integrate applications from these two vendors. Which of the following test levels would you expect to be involved in? [Note: There might be more than one right answer.]
A.    Component test
B.    Component integration test
C.    System integration test
D.    Acceptance test

2.     Which of the following is necessarily true of safety critical systems?
A.    They are composed of multiple COTS applications.
B.    They are complex systems of systems.
C.    They are systems upon which lives depend.
D.    They are military or intelligence systems.
3. Identify all of the following which can be useful as a test oracle the first time a test case is run?
A.    Incident report
B.    Requirements specification
C.    Test summary report
D.    Legacy system
4. Assume you are a test analyst working on a banking project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards. During test design, you identify a discrepancy between the list of supported credit cards in the requirements specification and the design specification. This is an example of what?
E.    Test design as a static test technique
F.    A defect in the requirements specification
G.    A defect in the design specification
H.    Starting test design too early in the project

5. Which of the following is not always a pre condition for test execution?
I.      A properly configured test environment
J.     A thoroughly specified test procedure
K.    A process for managing identified defects
L.     A test oracle

6. Assume you are a test analyst working on a banking project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards. One of the exit criteria in the test plan requires documentation of successful cash advances of at least 500 euros for all supported credit cards. The correct list of supported credit cards is American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard.
After test execution, a complete list of cash advance test results shows the following:
o    American Express allowed advances of up to 1,000 euros.
o    Visa allowed advances of up to 500 euros.
o    Eurocard allowed advances of up to 1,000 euros.
o    MasterCard allowed advances of up to 500 euros.
Which of the following statements is true?
A. The exit criterion fails due to excessive advances for American Express and Eurocard.
B. The exit criterion fails due to a discrepancy between American Express and Eurocard on the one hand and Visa and MasterCard on the other hand.
C. The exit criterion passes because all supported cards allow cash advances of at least the minimum required amount.
D. The exit criterion fails because we cannot document Japan Credit Bank results.

7. In many of the IEEE 829 templates, a section in one of the documents used early in the project lifecycle is related to a similar section in multiple documents used later in the project lifecycle. For example, an IEEE 829 test plan has a section called "Features to Be Tested," and you would expect to find each of the features listed in this section of the test plan to be listed in one or more of the sections called "Features to Be Tested" in all of the test design specifications. Which of the following statements best expresses another similar relationship in the IEEE 829 templates?
A.    Test case specification is to test procedure specification as test plan is to test design specification.
B.    Test procedure specification is to test case specification as test plan is to test design specification.
C.    Test case specification is to test item transmittal report as test plan is to test design specification.
D.    Test plan is to test item transmittal report as test plan is to test design specification.

8. Assume you are a test analyst working on a banking project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards. The system should allow cash advances of at least 500 euros for all supported credit cards. The correct list of supported credit cards is American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard.
Among the various quality risk items you identify during risk analysis, you have the following, listed in order of perceived level of risk from most risky to least risky:
o    Visa or MasterCard unable to obtain any cash advances
o    American Express or Eurocard unable to obtain any cash advances
o    Japan Credit Bank unable to obtain any cash advances
o    Visa or MasterCard cash advances improperly limited
o    American Express or Eurocard cash advances improperly limited
o    Japan Credit Bank cash advances improperly limited
Assume that, in the following list, each test case requires exactly one hour of test analyst effort to run. Which of the following is a comma-separated, sequenced list of test cases that covers these risks in a way that is appropriate to the level of risk and that minimizes test effort?
A. Test minimum American Express and Eurocard advances; test minimum Visa and MasterCard advances; test minimum Japan Credit Bank advances.
B. Test minimum and maximum Visa and MasterCard advances; test minimum and maximum American Express and Eurocard advances; test minimum and maximum Japan Credit Bank advances.
C. Test minimum Visa and MasterCard advances; test minimum American Express and Eurocard advances; test minimum Japan Credit Bank advances; test maximum Visa and MasterCard advances; test maximum American Express and Eurocard advances; test maximum Japan Credit Bank advances.
D.Test maximum American Express and Eurocard advances; test maximum Visa and MasterCard advances; test maximum Japan Credit Bank advances.
9. Assume you have the following three documents or reports available to you at the appropriate point during a project:
                   XI.        Checklist of important quality characteristics for your product
                  XII.        Historical information from similar past projects on where defects were found and how serious those defects were
                 XIII.        A Pareto analysis of the subsystems where defects have been discovered so far during test execution on this project
Which of the following statements matches each of these items with the risk management activity the item will most benefit?
A. I: risk identification; II: risk assessment; III: risk control
B. I: risk control; II: risk assessment; III: risk identification
C. I: risk identification; II: risk control; III: risk assessment
D. I: risk assessment; II: risk control; III: risk identification

10. Which of the following is a typical defect that equivalence partitioning would identify?
    1. Improper handling of sequences of events
    2. Improper handling of combinations of conditions
    3. Improper handling of large and small values
    4. Improper handling of classes of inputs

11. Which of the following is a typical defect that boundary value analysis would identify?
A. Improper handling of sequences of events
B. Improper handling of combinations of conditions
C. Improper handling of large and small values
D. Improper handling of classes of inputs

12. Which of the following is a typical defect that decision table testing would identify?
A. Improper handling of sequences of events
B. Improper handling of combinations of conditions
C. Improper handling of large and small values
D. Improper handling of classes of inputs
13. Which of the following is a typical defect that state-based testing would identify?
A. Improper handling of sequences of events
B.Improper handling of combinations of conditions
C. Improper handling of configuration combinations
D. Improper handling of classes of inputs

14. Which of the following is a typical defect that classification tree testing would identify?
A. Improper handling of sequences of events
B. Improper handling of typical workflows
C. Improper handling of configuration combinations
D. Improper handling of classes of inputs

15. Which of the following is a typical defect that use case would identify?
A. Improper handling of large and small values
B. Improper handling of configuration combinations
C. Improper handling of classes of inputs
D. Improper handling of typical workflows

16. Which of the following is a typical defect that pairwise testing would identify?
A. Improper handling of sequences of events
B. Improper handling of typical workflows
C. Improper handling of configuration combinations
D.Improper handling of classes of inputs

17. Assume you are a test analyst working on a banking project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards. The system should allow cash advances from 20 dollars to 500 dollars, inclusively, for all supported credit cards. The correct list of supported credit cards is American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard.
Assume that, in the following list of valid test cases, the first item in the parenthesized triple represents the credit card, the second item represents the amount to withdraw, and the third item represents the expected result. Which of the following selections gives a set of test cases that covers the equivalence partitions for credit cards and shows the correct expected result?
A. (American Express, $20, succeed); (Visa, $100, succeed); (Japan Credit Bank, $500, succeed); (Eurocard, $200, succeed); (Master- Card, $400, succeed)
B. (American Express, $20, succeed); (Visa, $600, fail); (Japan Credit Bank, $500, fail); (Eurocard, $200, succeed); (MasterCard, $400, succeed)
C. (American Express, $20, succeed); (Japan Credit Bank, $500, succeed); (Eurocard, $200, succeed); (MasterCard, $400, succeed)
D. (American Express, $20, succeed); (Visa, $600, succeed); (Japan Credit Bank, $500, succeed); (Eurocard, $200, succeed); (Master- Card, $400, succeed)
18. Assume you are a test analyst working on a banking project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards. The system should allow cash advances from 20 dollars to 500 dollars, inclusively, for all supported credit cards. The correct list of supported credit cards is American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard. The user interface starts with a default amount of 100 dollars for advances, and the ATM keypad is used to increase or decrease that amount in 20-dollar increments.
Assume that, in the following list of test cases, the first item in the parenthesized triple represents the credit card, the second item represents the amount to withdraw, and the third item represents the expected result. Which of the following selections gives a set of test cases that covers the boundary values for cash advances and shows the correct expected result?
A. (American Express, $20, succeed); (Visa, $500, succeed); (Japan Credit Bank, $520, fail); (Eurocard, $0, fail)
B. (American Express, $20, succeed); (Visa, $600, fail); (Japan Credit Bank, $500, fail); (Eurocard, $200, succeed); (MasterCard, $400, succeed)
C. (American Express, $20, succeed); (Japan Credit Bank, $500, succeed); (Eurocard, $520, succeed); (MasterCard, $400, succeed)
D. (American Express, $20, succeed); (Visa, $600, fail); (Japan Credit Bank, $500, succeed); (Eurocard, $200, succeed); (MasterCard, $400, succeed)
19. Assume you are a test analyst working on a banking project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards. The system should allow cash advances from 20 dollars to 500 dollars, inclusively, for all supported credit cards. The correct list of supported credit cards is American Express, Visa, Japan Credit Bank, Eurocard, and MasterCard. The user interface starts with a default amount of 100 dollars for advances, and the ATM keypad is used to increase or decrease that amount in 20-dollar increments.
Consider the decision table shown in table 1.0 that describes the handling of these transactions.
Table 1.0. Cash advance decision table
Conditions
1
2
3
4
5
Supported card
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
User authenticated
N
Y
Y
Y
Allowed advance amount
N
Y
Y
Within available balance
N
Y
Actions





Reject card
Y
Y
N
N
N
Prompt for new amount
N
N
Y
Y
N
Dispense cash
N
N
N
N
Y


Assume that you want to design a set of test cases where the following coverage is achieved:
    • Decision table coverage
    • Boundary values for allowed and disallowed advance amounts
    • Successful advance for each supported card
Design a set of test cases that achieves this level of coverage with the minimum possible number of test cases. Assume each test case consists of a single combination of conditions to create and a single combination of actions to check. How many test cases do you need?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 10


20. Assume you are a test analyst working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. You want to test the ability of the thermostat to properly interact with the central HVAC unit.
At any given moment, the HVAC unit is in either an off state (the initial state) or an on state. The thermostat can send the HVAC unit either a start event or a stop event. If the unit is in an on state and it receives a stop event, it will always deactivate and display an "idle" message.
If the unit is in an off state and it receives a start event, it will activate and display an "active" message if all conditions are normal. However, if the unit is in an off state and it receives a start event, it might fail to activate under one of three conditions:
    • No power to the HVAC unit, the compressor, or other component
    • A failure of the HVAC unit, the compressor, or other component
    • To prevent damage to the HVAC unit, the compressor, or other component
If it fails to activate, it displays an error code associated with the condition that caused the failure to activate.
Analyze these requirements to draw a state transition diagram for this thermostat. Use a separate state transition to show each failure-to-activate event/condition pair.
Which of the following statements is true?
A. There are two states and three transitions.
B. There are two states and five transitions.
C. There are five states and three transitions.
D. There are five states and two transitions.

21. Continue with the scenario in the previous question. Use the state transition diagram you created to generate tests that achieve state and tran-sition coverage (i.e., 0-switch coverage) subject to the following addi—tional rules for these test cases:
    • A test must begin with the HVAC unit in the initial state.
    • A test must complete when the HVAC unit returns to the off state from the on state.
    • All tests can only complete with the HVAC unit in the off state.
Design the minimum number of test cases possible.
How many test cases did you design?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 8

22. Assume you are a test analyst working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In addition to the normal HVAC control functions, the thermostat also has the ability to download data to a browser-based application that runs on PCs for further analysis.
You are planning to do some compatibility testing of application and feature. You identify the following factors and, for each factor, the following options:
    • Supported PC/thermostat connections: USB and Bluetooth
    • Supported operating systems: Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Mac X, Linux
    • Supported browsers: Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera
Assume that you plan to use a classification tree to design the tests. You want to cover all possible pairs of operating systems with PC/thermostat connections because you are concerned about possible data transfer issues, but you only care that every browser be tested at least once.
What is the minimum number of configurations you'll need to test?
A. 5
B.10
C.15
D.30

23.Continue with the scenario in the previous question.
Assume instead that you plan to use an orthogonal array to design the tests. You want to cover all possible pairs of options across all three possible pairs of factors.
What is the minimum number of configurations you'll need to test?
A. 5
B. 10
C. 15
D.30

24. Continue with the scenario in the previous question.
Assume that figure 2.0 describes an informal use case for the data transfer feature.
Figure 2.0. Informal data transfer use case

Which of the following statements (or some similar statement) would be found in a test procedure designed to cover one of the exception workflows in this use case?
A. Click Download Thermostat Data button, wait for the "Download Complete" message, and then proceed to the Analysis workflow to verify the data.
B. Click Download Thermostat Data button and immediately disconnect the USB cable or Bluetooth module.
C. Click Download Thermostat Data button, wait for the "Download Complete" message, and then disconnect the USB cable or Bluetooth module.
D. Click Download Thermostat Data button, wait for the "Download Complete" message, and then close the browser.

25. Which of the following statements captures a key difference between specification-based and defect-based test design techniques?
A. Specification-based techniques derive tests from the structure of the system, while defect-based techniques derive tests from what is known about defects.
B. Defect-based techniques derive tests from the structure of the system, while specification-based techniques derive tests from the behaviour of the system.
C. Defect-based techniques derive tests from the structure of the system, while specification-based techniques derive tests from an analysis of the test basis.
D. Defect-based techniques derive tests from what is known about defects, while specification-based techniques derive tests from an analysis of the test basis.

26. Which of the following is an example of the use of a defect taxonomy for test design?
A. Using frequency of defect occurrence as an input into quality risk analysis
B. Selecting test inputs that are likely to reveal a failure associated with a particular defect
C. Updating the defect taxonomy after test execution to reflect the latest findings
D. Sending the defect taxonomy, along with frequency of defect occurrence, to development for process improvements

27. Which of the following is an important principle for use of experienced-based test techniques?
A. Tester skill is a critical factor in assignment of test execution tasks.
B. Tester skills are less important than ensuring 100% tester utilization.
C. Testers should always focus on defect-preventing activities.
D. Testers should be evaluated based on the number of defects they find.

28. Assume you are a test analyst working on a project to create a programmable thermostat for home use to control central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In addition to the normal HVAC control functions, the thermostat also has the ability to download data to a browser-based application that runs on PCs for further analysis.
Consider the following exploratory test charter:
Load various thermostat data sets to the application and evaluate the standard reports the application can produce.
Which of the following statements is true and consistent with the approach to exploratory testing described in the Advanced syllabus?
A. All actions associated with executing this charter should occur during test execution, after receipt of the initial test object.
B. All of the thermostat data sets should be created prior to test execution, while all other actions associated with executing this charter should occur during test execution.
C. Most of the thermostat data sets could be created prior to test execution, provided those data sets could be modified during test execution based on test results.
D. All data, inputs, and expected results for this test charter should be specified in a concrete test case before the start of test execution.

29. Consider the following software fault attack proposed by Whittaker's technique:
Force all possible incoming errors from the software/OS interfaces to the application.
Which of the following is the kind of failure you are looking for when testing using this attack?
A. Application crashes when unsupported characters are pasted into an input field using the Windows Clipboard
B. Application splash screen has incorrect spelling of company name
C. Application fails to display financial numbers in currency format on reports
D. Application miscalculates total monthly balance due on credit cards


30. Assume you are a test analyst working on a banking project to upgrade an existing automated teller machine system to allow customers to obtain cash advances from supported credit cards.
When the user first inserts a valid credit card type, the system considers the user to be in the unauthenticated state. Prior to requesting a cash advance, though, the user must enter the authenticated state. The user authenticates by entering the proper PIN.
When authenticating the user, the system should allow the user to enter their PIN up to three times before failing the authentication and rejecting the card. On the first and second try, the system should prompt the user to reenter the PIN.
Suppose you are concerned that, depending on the exact number of invalid PINs entered, the system might behave improperly. Which of the following test design techniques is specifically targeted at such failures?
A. Equivalence partitioning extended by boundary value analysis
B. Pairwise testing with orthogonal arrays
C. State-based testing using N-1 switch coverage
D. Classification tree testing using two-factor authentication

31. If we say that a set of tests has achieved 100% structural decision coverage on a particular module in a program, what does that mean?
A. That all bugs present in that module were necessarily revealed by those tests.
B. That every control flow branch had been executed at least once by those tests.
C. That every dataflow in that module was exercised at least once by those tests.
D. That every path through that module was exercised at least once by those tests.

32. Consider the following code fragment:
if (a>b) && (b>c)) {
b = (a+c)/2;
}
Assume that, in the following options, each of the three numbers in parentheses represents the inputs for a test case, where the first number is a, the second number b, and the third number c. Which of the following gives a set of test case inputs that achieves decision coverage for this fragment of code in the minimum number of test cases?
A. (5, 3, 2)
B. (5, 3, 2); (5, 4, 0)
C. (5, 4, 0); (4, 5, 0)
D. (4, 5, 0); (5, 4, 5)

33. Which of the following is a dynamic analysis technique related to improving application performance?
A. Code complexity analysis
B. Profiling
C. Network packet sniffing
D. Spelling and grammar checking

34. Set-use pairs are identified during which of the following static analysis activities?
A. Control flow analysis
B. Data flow analysis
C. Coding standards analysis
D. Cyclomatic complexity analysis

35. Which of the following tests would address the interoperability of this application?
A. Encrypting data using a public key and checking that the appropriate private key can decrypt it
B. Evaluating the ability of typical users to download and analyze data from this application
C. Logging thermostat operation statistics on a paper log at regular intervals during operation and checking the exported data against the log
D. Exporting data in Excel format and loading it in OpenOffice's spreadsheet application

36. Continue with the scenario in the previous question.
Which of the following tests would address the functional security of this application?
A. Encrypting data using a public key and checking that the appropriate private key can decrypt it
B. Using a text-to-speech application to read the data from the application's screen
C. Logging thermostat operation statistics on a paper log at regular intervals during operation and checking the exported data against the log
D. Evaluating the ability of typical users to download and analyze data from this application

37. Continue with the scenario in the previous question.
Which of the following tests would address the accessibility of this application?
A. Encrypting data using a public key and checking that the appropriate private key can decrypt it
B. Using a text-to-speech application to read the data from the application's screen
C. Evaluating the ability of typical users to download and analyze data from this application
D. Exporting data in Excel format and loading it in OpenOffice's spreadsheet application

38. Continue with the scenario in the previous question.
Which of the following tests would address the usability of this application?
A. Encrypting data using a public key and checking that the appropriate private key can decrypt it
B. Using a text-to-speech application to read the data from the application's screen
C. Evaluating the ability of typical users to download and analyze data from this application
D. Exporting data in Excel format and loading it in OpenOffice's spreadsheet application

39. Which of the following is the best example of a reliability failure for an application?
A. Slow response time
B. Excessive memory consumption
C. Random application termination
D. Failure to encrypt data

40. Which of the following types of reviews is generally the most effective at finding the greatest percentage of defects present in the object being reviewed?
                 A. Informal
                 B. Walk-through
                 C. Peer review
                 D. Inspection

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Answers:
1. A, D
2. C
3. B, D
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. D
8. B
9. A
10. D
11. C
12. B
13. A
14. C
15. D
16. C
17. A
18. A
19. D
20. B
21. A
22. B
23. C
24. B
25. D
26. B
27. A
28. C
29. A
30. C
31. B
32. C
33. B
34. B
35. D
36. A
37. B
38. C
39. C
                  40. D